Factors that Influence Social Media Marketing Activity and the Effect on Business Performance of The SMEs in Bandung

  • Syafa Firsta Alika Faculty of Economics and Business, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
  • Teguh Widodo Faculty of Economics and Business, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
Keywords: Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, Compatibility, Social Media Marketing, Business Performance

Abstract

The extensive use of social media has prompted research on factors influencing its adoption for marketing among SMEs in Bandung and its impact on business performance. Social media has become pervasive and significantly shapes marketing strategies in the digital era. This study investigates factors influencing social media adoption and its effect on business performance. Key variables include perceived usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, cost, social media for marketing, and business performance. Quantitative data selected from 100 SMEs in Bandung. Data were collected via a survey and analyzed using SEM-PLS constructed by 26 questionaire items. A theoretical model has been created by combining elements from TAM and UTAUT2, with certain adaptations, to examine how this impact relates to business performance. Findings reveal that perceived usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, and cost positively influence SMEs' adoption of social media for marketing activities. The study also demonstrates that using social media for marketing positively impacts business performance. Ultimately, promoting sincerity in raising awareness about the benefits of SMM to Indonesian SMEs can encourage its adoption for their overall advantage.

Keywords: Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, Compatibility, Social Media Marketing, Business Performance

 

References

Abd Rahman, A., Singhry, H. B., Hanafiah, M. H., & Abdul, M. (2017). Influence of perceived benefits and traceability system on the readiness for Halal Assurance System implementation among food manufacturers. Food Control, 73, 1318–1326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.10.058

Abideen, L., Aslinda, N., Seman, A., & Rashid, U. K. (2022). The Relationship between Social media for marketing and SMEs Performance in Nigeria: A Systemic Literature Review. In Journal of Positive School Psychology (Vol. 2022, Issue 3). http://journalppw.com

Aggelidis, V. P., & Chatzoglou, P. D. (2009). Using a modified technology acceptance model in hospitals. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 78(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2008.06.006

Alalwan, A. A., Rana, N. P., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Algharabat, R. (2017). Social media in marketing: A review and analysis of the existing literature. In Telematics and Informatics (Vol. 34, Issue 7, pp. 1177–1190). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2017.05.008

Aziz, T., Haryadi, R. N., Riyanto, S., & Usman, H. M. (2023). The Effect of Marketing Mix and Brand Image towards Interest of Students at Riyadlul Jannah Islamic High School Jonggol. International Journal of Sharia Business Management, 2(2), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.51805/ijsbm.v2i2.157

Bateman, J. A. (2021). What are digital media? Discourse, Context and Media, 41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2021.100502

BİLGİN, Y. (2018). The Effect of Social media for marketing Activities on Brand Awareness, Brand Image, and Brand Loyalty. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.15295/v6i1.229

Borosso, C., Carrion, G., & Roldan, J. (2010). Applying maximum likelihood and PLS on different sample sizes: Studies on servqual model and employee behavior model. In V. Esposito, W. Chin, J. Henseler, & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of partial least squares: Concepts, methods and applications. (pp. 427–447). Springer. http://www.springer.com/series/7286

Cahyono, B., Nurcholis, L., & Nugroho, M. (2022). Information Technology Implementation in SMEs: A Comparison of Indonesia and Malaysia. Jurnal Manajemen Teori Dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management, 15(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v15i1.30182

Chatterjee, S., & Kumar Kar, A. (2020). Why do small and medium enterprises use social media for marketing and what is the impact: Empirical insights from India. International Journal of Information Management, 53, 102103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102103

Dahnil, M. I., Marzuki, K. M., Langgat, J., & Fabeil, N. F. (2014). Factors Influencing SMEs Adoption of Social media for marketing. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, 119–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.025

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 13(3), 319–339. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Deb, M., & Lomo-David, E. (2014). An empirical examination of customers’ adoption of m-banking in India. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 32(4), 475–494. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-07-2013-0119

Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil. (2021). Jumlah Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Berdasarkan Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Barat.

Dutta, G., Kumar, R., Sindhwani, R., & Singh, R. K. (2020). Digital transformation priorities of India’s discrete manufacturing SMEs – a conceptual study in perspective of Industry 4.0. Competitiveness Review, 289–314. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-03-2019-0031

Dwivedi, Y. K., Ismagilova, E., Rana, N. P., & Raman, R. (2021). Social Media Adoption, Usage And Impact In Business-To-Business (B2B) Context: A State-Of-The-Art Literature Review. Information Systems Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10106-y

Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P., Jeyaraj, A., Clement, M., & Williams, M. D. (2019). Re-examining the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT): Towards a Revised Theoretical Model. Information Systems Frontiers, 21(3), 719–734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-017-9774-y

Dwivedi, Y. K., & Williams, M. D. (2015). SMEs’ adoption of e-commerce. In Int. J. Business Information Systems (Vol. 19, Issue 2).

Dženopoljac, V., Janoševic, S., & Bontis, N. (2016). Intellectual capital and financial performance in the Serbian ICT industry. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(2), 373–396. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2015-0068

Esmaeel, R. I., Zakuan, N., Jamal, N. M., & Taherdoost, H. (2018). Understanding of business performance from the perspective of manufacturing strategies: Fit manufacturing and overall equipment effectiveness. Procedia Manufacturing, 22, 998–1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.03.142

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.

Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (2005). A Practical Guide To Factorial Validity Using PLS-Graph: Tutorial And Annotated Example. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 16. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.01605

Ghazanfar, A., Noor, R., Hongyan, W., Mohammad, I., & Benjamin, K. (2018). Determinants of SME’s Social media for marketing Adoption: Competitive Industry as a Moderator. Small Business Management, 12(1).

Hafez, Md. (2022). Unpacking the influence of social media for marketing activities on brand equity in the banking sector in Bangladesh: A moderated mediation analysis of brand experience and perceived uniqueness. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 2(2), 100140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100140

Hair, J., Black, W., & Babin, B. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. In Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed., Vol. 7). Pearson Prentice Hall.

Hosseini, S., Fallon, G., Weerakkody, V., & Sivarajah, U. (2019). Cloud computing utilization and mitigation of informational and marketing barriers of the SMEs from the emerging markets: Evidence from Iran and Turkey. International Journal of Information Management, 46, 54–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.11.011

Iman, H. (2021, July 24). Tidak semua UMKM di Bandung mampu Jualan Online. Bandung Bergerak.

James, G., Witten, D., Hastie, T., & Tibshirani, R. (2021). An Introduction to Statistical Learning with Applications in R Second Edition. In An Introduction to Statistical Learning with Applications in R (2nd ed., Vol. 2). Springer Science Publication.

Kar, A. K. (2021). What Affects Usage Satisfaction in Mobile Payments? Modelling User Generated Content to Develop the “Digital Service Usage Satisfaction Model.” Information Systems Frontiers, 23(5), 1341–1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-020-10045-0

Kar, A. K., Ilavarasan, V., Gupta, M. P., Janssen, M., & Kothari, R. (2019). Moving beyond Smart Cities: Digital Nations for Social Innovation & Sustainability. In Information Systems Frontiers (Vol. 21, Issue 3, pp. 495–501). Springer New York LLC. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09930-0

Keni, K. (2020). How Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use Affecting Intent to Repurchase? Jurnal Manajemen, 24(3), 481. https://doi.org/10.24912/jm.v24i3.680

Kim, K. J., & Shin, D. H. (2015). An acceptance model for smart watches: Implications for the adoption of future wearable technology. Internet Research, 25(4), 527–541. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-05-2014-0126

Kim, T., & Chiu, W. (2019). Consumer acceptance of sports wearable technology: the role of technology readiness.

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 20(1), 109–126. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-06-2017-0050

Kock, N., & Lynn, G. S. (2012). Lateral collinearity and misleading results in variance-based SEM: An illustration

and recommendations. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 13(7), 546–580. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00302

Marhantara, Y. G., & Widodo, T. (2022). The Influence of Twitter Social media for marketing in Efforts to Increase Loyalty Using Customer Streaming Vidio.com (Study on Bandung City).

Müller, J. M., Pommeranz, B., Weisser, J., & Voigt, K. I. (2018). Digital, Social Media, and Mobile Marketing in industrial buying: Still in need of customer segmentation? Empirical evidence from Poland and Germany. Industrial Marketing Management, 73, 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.01.033

Ni, W., & Sun, H. (2019). The effect of sustainable supply chain management on business performance: Implications for integrating the entire supply chain in the Chinese manufacturing sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 1176–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.384.

Nurochani, N., Jusuf, E., & Juju, U. (2023). The Influence of E-Banking Service Quality, Marketing Communication and Corporate Image on Customer Satisfaction and Its Impact on Customer Loyalty. Jurnal Manajemen Industri dan Logistik, 7(1).

Olajide, S. E., Lizam, M., & Olajide, E. B. (2016). Understanding The Conceptual Definitions of Cost, Price, Worth and Value. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 21(09), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837- 2109015357

Panjaitan, J. M. P., Timur, R. P., & Sumiyana, S. (2021). How does the Government of Indonesia empower SMEs? An analysis of the social cognition found in newspapers. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(5), 765–790. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2020-0087

Patma, T. S., Wardana, L. W., Wibowo, A., Narmaditya, B. S., & Akbarina, F. (2021). The impact of social media for marketing for Indonesian SMEs sustainability: Lesson from Covid-19 pandemic. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1953679

Permana, S. (2017). Strategy of Enhancement on the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMES) in Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian Badan Keahlian DPR RI. http://news.detik.com/

Prasanna, R. P. I. R., Jayasundara, J. M. S. B., Gamage, S. K. N., Ekanayake, E. M. S., Rajapakshe, P. S. K., & Abeyrathne, G. A. K. N. J. (2019). Sustainability of SMEs in the competition: A systemic review on technological challenges and SME performance. In Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity (Vol. 5, Issue 4). MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc5040100.

Redjeki, F., & Affandi, A. (2021). Utilization of digital marketing for MSME players as value creation for customers during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Science and Society, 3(1), 40-55.

Sari, D. P., & Widodo, T. (2022). The Effect of Social media for marketing on Consumer Purchase Intentions Mediated by Customer Trust: The Case for Scarlett Whitening Skincare Products.

Stocchi, L., Michaelidou, N., & Micevski, M. (2019). Drivers and outcomes of branded mobile app usage intention. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 28(1), 28–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-02-2017-1436

Tripopsakul, S. (2018). Social media adoption as a business platform: An integrated tam-toe framework. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(2), 350–362. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.18.2.28

Tyas, E. D. (2017). Pengaruh Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Enjoyment, dan Actual Usage Terhadap Penerimaan Teknologi Informasi: Studi Empiris Pada Karyawan Bagian Akuntansi dan Keuangan Baitul Maal Wa TamwilWilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Sekitarnya. Reviu Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Indonesia, 1, 25–35.

Urbach, N., & Ahlemann, F. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling in Information Systems Research Using Partial Least Squares. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 11(2), 5–40.

Walsh, M. F., & Lipinski, J. (2009). The role of the marketing function in small and medium sized enterprises. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 16(4), 569–585. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000911000929

Wicaksono, T., Nugroho, A. D., Lakner, Z., Dunay, A., & Illés, C. B. (2021). Word of mouth, digital media, and open innovation at the agricultural smes. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010091

Widodo, T., & Bagus Prasetyo, F. (2022). The Effect of Social media for marketing towards Purchase decision mediated by Brand Awareness, and Willingness to Buy, and moderated by Income Level, and Educational Level. Asia Pacific International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management.

Widodo, T., & Krisma Maylina, N. L. P. (2022). The mediating role of perceived value and social media word-of- mouth in the relationship between perceived quality and purchase intention. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pemasaran Jasa, 15(1), 49–68. https://doi.org/10.25105/jmpj.v15i1.9468

Widodo, T., & Solehudin, Z. (2021). Pengaruh Social media for marketing Activities Terhadap Customer Response Melalui Mediasa Brand Equity Pada E-Wallet.

Wielki, J. (2020). Analysis of the role of digital influencers and their impact on the functioning of the contemporary on-line promotional system and its sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177138

Yoon, S. Bin, & Cho, E. (2016). Convergence adoption model (CAM) in the context of a smart car service. Computers in Human Behavior, 60, 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.082

Yuanfang, Q., Jun Hu, & Mu Zhang. (2015). Role of Social Media in Online Travel Information Search. Advance in Applied Sociology, 5.

Zaki, B., & Arrizky, A. (2019). THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS, EASE OF USE, TRUST, AND RISK TOWARDS GOJEK ACTUAL USAGE WITH BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO USE AS INTERVENING VARIABEL. International Undergraduate Program in Accounting. http://www.feb.ub.ac.id

Published
2023-12-01
How to Cite
Alika, S. F., & Teguh Widodo. (2023). Factors that Influence Social Media Marketing Activity and the Effect on Business Performance of The SMEs in Bandung. Kontigensi : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 11(2), 394-408. https://doi.org/10.56457/jimk.v11i2.357